American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) Practice Exam

At what age should autism screening begin in children?

1. 12 months

2. 18 months

3. 24 months

4. 36 months

The correct answer is: 18 months

Screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is recommended to begin at 18 months of age according to guidelines from organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). This age is significant because early detection can lead to early intervention, which is crucial for improving developmental outcomes. Research indicates that by 18 months, children are at a stage where signs of autism can be more apparent, allowing healthcare providers to identify those who may benefit from further evaluation. Screening at this age includes standardized tools that help assess communication skills, social interactions, and behavioral patterns. While some signs of autism can be observed earlier, starting screening at 18 months ensures that the process aligns with developmental milestones, allowing for timely intervention if indicated. Screening beyond this age, such as at 24 months or 36 months, may limit opportunities for early intervention and support, which are crucial in the overall management of autism. The choice of beginning at 18 months strikes a balance between early identification and practical assessment of crucial developmental indicators.